Construir a Nação com Música: o protagonismo do compositor Frederico de Freitas no primeiro fonofilme português “A Severa”

Este artigo constitui uma reflexão em torno da música do filme A Severa (1931), composta por Frederico de Freitas, a partir de dois enquadramentos analíticos: a importância da música enquanto narrativa de portugalidade e o papel do compositor na construção de um repertório que sobreviveu ao próprio filme. São analisadas as opções de Freitas na articulação entre música, imagem e enredo, assim como os universos estéticos que resultam da centralidade do fado neste filme. Finalmente, é abordado o paradoxo entre a importância da música deste filme na história do cinema português e o pouco protagonismo oferecido ao compositor em discursos posteriores.This paper addresses the Frederico de Freitas’s music for the Portuguese film A Severa (1931), departing from two analytical standpoints: the relevance of the music as a narrative of portugality, and the composer’s role in the construction of a repertoire that has survived the film itself. Freitas’s options regarding the combination of music, image and script are analyzed, as well as the aesthetic universes that arise from the presence of the fado genre in this film. Moreover, this article discusses the paradox between the importance of this music for Portuguese cinema history, and the near absence of references to Freitas in subsequent studies

Media policy network in Portugal: a case study approach

Comunicação apresentada na Secção de Economia Política da 23.ª Conferência da International Association for Media and Communication Research (IAMCR), Barcelona, 21-26 Julho 2002.In the media policy arena, there are multiple (often conflicting) perspectives and political outcome reflects different pressures and opinions. Contending groups develop strategies and bargain to see their interests served. Notwithstanding the diversity and complexity of the policy-making literature, we will try to assess the utility of the policy network concept in an attempt to shed some light into the conception/implementation of media policy in Portugal. Whist analysing the eventual relevance of the policy network approach, we will consider two distinct political periods: the social democrats majority rule, from 1987 to 1995, and the socialist mandates, from 1995 to 2002

Ritual and transgression: a case study in new music

This research lies on the concepts of ritual and narrative as applied in a case study of a musical theatre piece. In traditional musical narrative the focus is on construction, and one could speak of fields around which hierarchies, systems and rules of musical language are built. In this piece we find unpredictable transgressive musical gestures, acted out by performers, combined with conventional narrative procedures. This study aims to demonstrate that the concepts of musical narrative and ritual cannot be seen as isolated objects but as entities of transformation by composers, and how the trilogy composer/performer/listener (audience) is associated with narrative and ritual. Ritual and transgression can thus be linked to traditional concepts of musical narrative connecting composing, performing, and listening activities

Lusocom: estudo das políticas de comunicação e discursos no espaço lusófono

Comunicação apresentada à International Communication Section da Conferência Científica da International Association for Media Communication Research (IAMCR) Scientific Conference, Porto Alegre, 2004.Lusophony is the highly intricate construct we intend to interrogate. It is a geo-linguistic space, that is, dispersed regions, countries and societies whose official language is Portuguese (Angola, Brazil, Cape Verde, East-Timor, Guinea Bissau, Portugal, S. Tomé and Príncipe). It is also a sentiment, a memory of a common past, a shared culture and history. In addition to its symbolic patrimony, Lusophony integrates institutions attempting to expand the Portuguese language and inter-related forms of cultural expressions. The project «Lusocom: a Study of Communications policies and discourses in the Lusophone Space» is about communications and the media; social representation, memory and identity; language policy and discourses. From the Communications Sciences perspective, the Lusophone Space seems to be a promising (though volatile) research object. In an increasingly globalised world, the Lusophone Space, in general, and CPLP (Comunidade dos Países de Língua Portuguesa – Community of Portuguese Speaking Countries), in particular, have the potential to contribute to the development of alternative (and necessarily more complex) perspectives on the role media communications policies and discourses have played in the construction/reconstruction of the Lusophone identity and on how a common language might change the way «difference» is perceived. Furthermore, it can shed some light on contradictory globalising trends. In order to try to accomplish this project, we have divided it into three inter-related tasks. The first one is «Networks in the Lusophone Space: Policies, Production and Distribution». Based on Political Economy, International Relations and Political Science, we intend to map the national and supra-national communications structures of these dispersed regions and we plan to examine the main media production centres and distribution flows. This infrastructural examination is fundamental to the concomitant analysis of media consumption in this space. Departing from Social Psychology and Cultural Studies, the task named «Social representations and identity Levels», aims to assess the relevance of representations and social stereotypes in the media for the development and reconfiguration of the Lusophone identity, taking into particular consideration the cultural and ethnic diversities of these geographically dispersed societies. The gradual results of the third task, «Language Policy and Discourses in the Lusophone Space: Uncertain Relations», will have an all encompassing effect in the development of the two previous tasks. This sub-project, informed by Cultural Studies, Social Semiotics, Speech Analysis and Linguistics, will problematise Lusophony as a discourse and as a «cosa mentale». We believe that the Lusophone construct in its diversity will help us to demonstrate that solidarities resulting from a common language and from the miscegenation of memories and traditions have very concrete social, political and economic consequences.A Lusofonia é uma construção extraordinariamente complexa. É um espaço geo-linguístico, ou seja, um conjunto de regiões, países e sociedades dispersas, cuja língua oficial é o Português (Angola, Brasil, Cabo Verde, Guiné Bissau, Portugal, S. Tomé e Príncipe e Timor-Leste). É também um sentimento, a memória de um passado comum, uma cultura e uma história partilhadas. Para além do património simbólico, a Lusofonia integra instituições cujo objectivo é a expansão da língua portuguesa. O projecto “Lusocom: estudo das políticas de comunicação e discursos no espaço lusófono” trata da comunicação e dos media; da representação social, memória e identidade; e das políticas da língua e discursos. Da perspectiva das Ciências da Comunicação, o Espaço Lusófono parece ser um objecto de investigação prometedor (embora volátil). Num mundo cada vez mais globalizado, o Espaço Lusófono, em geral, e a CPLP (Comunidade de Países de Língua Portuguesa), em particular, têm o potencial para contribuir para o desenvolvimento de perspectivas alternativas (e necessariamente mais complexas) sobre o papel que os discursos e as políticas de comunicação para os media têm desempenhado na construção/reconstrução da identidade Lusófona e sobre a forma como uma língua comum poderá mudar a forma como a "diferença" é percebida. O projecto, de que damos conta nesa comunicação, é composto por três tarefas inter-relacionadas. A primeira chama-se "Redes no Espaço Lusófono: Políticas, Produção e Distribuição". Tendo por referência a Economia Política, as Relações Internacionais e a Ciência Política, pretende-se mapear as estruturas de comunicação, nacionais e supra-nacionais, destas regiões e investigar os principais centros de produção e fluxos de distribuição de produtos mediáticos. Partindo da Psicologia Social e dos Estudos Culturais, a tarefa "Representações sociais e níveis de identidade" pretende aferir a relevância das representações e dos estereótipos sociais veiculados pelos media para o desenvolvimento e reconfiguração da identidade Lusófona, dando especial atenção à diversidade cultural e étnica destas sociedades geograficamente dispersas. Os resultados graduais da terceira tarefa, "Políticas da Língua e Discursos no Espaço Lusófono: Relações Incertas" terão um efeito transversal no desenvolvimento das tarefas anteriores. Este sub-projecto, enquadrado pelos Estudos Culturais, pela Semiótica Social, pela Análise do Discurso e pela Linguística, problematiza a Lusofonia enquanto discurso e "cosa mentale". Acreditamos que a construção da Lusofonia na sua diversidade ajudar-nos-á a demonstrar que as solidariedades resultantes de uma língua comum e da miscigenação de memórias e tradições têm consequências sociais, políticas e económicas muito concretas

Avaliação dos cadernos de encargos dos Municípios Portugueses para o fornecimento de refeições escolares

Introdução: As refeições escolares devem ser encaradas como uma estratégia pedagógica para ensinar hábitos e comportamentos alimentares correctos. Em Portugal, a responsabilidade das refeições escolares foi transferida para as autarquias, que apresentam numa grande parte este serviço adjudicado.Esta adjudicação é suportada por um procedimento público concursal em que o caderno de encargos é um dos documentos mais relevantes.Objectivos: Este trabalho pretende estudar os critérios de adjudicação e os factores de avaliação definidos pelas autarquias para as refeições escolares.Métodos: Foi feita uma análise das cláusulas técnicas respeitantes às ementas dos cadernos de encargos.A amostra foi constituída por 94 cadernos de encargos, para a qual se elaborou uma grelhade preenchimento relativa a: composição da ementa, especificações de cada componente da ementa,métodos culinários, capitações e lista de alimentos autorizados.Resultados: Constatou-se que alguns cadernos de encargos, por pormenorizarem em demasia asespecificações técnicas relativas às ementas, impossibilitam a construção de um plano de ementasque dê resposta às recomendações nutricionais e à necessidade de fornecer refeições apelativas.Conclusões: Revela-se essencial a formulação de um documento orientador para a elaboração das cláusulas técnicas dos cadernos de encargos destinados às refeições escolares, que deverá ser elaboradopor nutricionista(s) com competências específicas nesta área. O nutricionista assume neste processo um papel incontornável ao aplicar as suas competências científicas, técnicas e profissionaisque lhe permitem identificar as necessidades e as expectativas da comunidade escolar canalizando-as, através da elaboração de um plano de ementas adequado e exequível, para a procura de opçõesalimentares saudáveis

INVESTIGATING THE ROLE OF PRAGMATIC CONNECTIVES IN JOURNALISTIC TEXTUAL GENRES

This paper examines the use of pragmatic connectives in journalistic texts, aiming at understanding issues involved in discourse articulation. The data we are working on is composed by opinion texts and news (written in Brazilian Portuguese) produced by proficient writers and published in a diary newspaper. Based on the Modular Approach to Discourse Analysis, we assume that the study of pragmatic connectives must be integrated in a global model of the complexity of the discourse organization. Thus, we present the description of the relational organization form of these texts, since this organization form deals with discursive relations as well as with the contributions of pragmatic connectives to their interpretation. Then, through the description of the relational organization of these texts, we discuss the observable differences between the genres through the use of pragmatic connective

Cellular polarity in aging: role of redox regulation and nutrition

Cellular polarity concerns the spatial asymmetric organization of cellular components and structures. Such organization is important not only for biological behavior at the individual cell level, but also for the 3D organization of tissues and organs in living organisms. Processes like cell migration and motility, asymmetric inheritance, and spatial organization of daughter cells in tissues are all dependent of cell polarity. Many of these processes are compromised during aging and cellular senescence. For example, permeability epithelium barriers are leakier during aging; elderly people have impaired vascular function and increased frequency of cancer, and asymmetrical inheritance is compromised in senescent cells, including stem cells. Here, we review the cellular regulation of polarity, as well as the signaling mechanisms and respective redox regulation of the pathways involved in defining cellular polarity. Emphasis will be put on the role of cytoskeleton and the AMP-activated protein kinase pathway. We also discuss how nutrients can affect polarity-dependent processes, both by direct exposure of the gastrointestinal epithelium to nutrients and by indirect effects elicited by the metabolism of nutrients, such as activation of antioxidant response and phase-II detoxification enzymes through the transcription factor nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2). In summary, cellular polarity emerges as a key process whose redox deregulation is hypothesized to have a central role in aging and cellular senescence.PTDC/QUI/69466/2006PTDC/QUI-BIQ/104311/2008PTDC/BIA-PRO/101624/2008PEst-OE/QUI/UI0612/201

Invisible Sounds for Calvino's Invisible Cities

Inspired by Italo Calvino's novel Le città invisibili (1972), which presents Marco Polo's description of several invisible and fictional cities, the authors embarked on an imaginary journey to create invisible sounds with the subtlety of the fortepiano. In a process akin to Calvino's novel, the article presents the comings and goings of an exchange process of ideas between the composer and the performer. Physically separated, in Brazil and Portugal, they used video conferences and e-mails to create the work. As the process evolved, technical aspects of the fortepiano and its peculiar sounds were intertwined with adjustments to the composer's creative writing. On the other hand, the combinatorial structure of Calvino's artwork anchored the exchange of musical materials among the work’s movements. This artistic-research project began in April 2014, and led to a recording of Sons Invisíveis (Invisible Sounds), included in the CD Música Nova for Antique Instruments II in 2016. In order to describe this trajectory, this article addresses recent literature in collaboration and performance studies, composition for historical instruments, particularly the fortepiano, the combinatorial nature of Calvino's writing, how the collaborative process was developed, and its final organization, expressing the ineffable character of Calvino's masterpiece through invisible sounds.Inspired by Italo Calvino’s novel Le città invisibili (1972), which presents Marco Polo’s description of several invisible and fictional cities, the authors embarked on an imaginary journey to create invisible sounds with the subtlety of the fortepiano. In a process akin to Calvino’s novel, the article presents the exchange of ideas between the composer and the performer, physically separated, in Brazil and Portugal, communicating through video conferences and e-mails. As the process evolved, technical aspects of the fortepiano andits peculiar sounds were intertwined with adjustments to the composer’s creative writing. The combinatorial structure of Calvino’s artwork anchored the exchange of musical materials between the work’s movements. This artistic-research project began in April 2014, and led to the recording of Sons Invisíveis (Invisible Sounds), included in the CD New Music for Old Instruments II in 2016. In order to describe this process, this article addresses proceduresof composition for historical instruments, particularly the fortepiano, the combinatorial nature of Calvino’s writing and its corresponding structure in the work, and its final organization, expressing the ineffable character of Calvino’s masterpiece through invisible sounds

Ritual and Transgression: A case study in new music

This research lies on the concepts of ritual and narrative as applied in a case study of a musical theatre piece. In traditional musical narrative the focus is on construction, and one could speak of fields around which hierarchies, systems and rules of musical language are built. In this piece we find unpredictable transgressive musical gestures, acted out by performers, combined with conventional narrative procedures. This study aims to demonstrate that the concepts of musical narrative and ritual cannot be seen as isolated objects but as entities of transformation by composers, and how the trilogy composer/performer/listener (audience) is associated with narrative and ritual. Ritual and transgression can thus be linked to traditional concepts of musical narrative connecting composing, performing, and listening activities